Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease resulting from a dysregulated host inflammatory response to dysbiotic dental plaque biofilm. It is characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontium, with the primary features of clinical attachment loss (CAL), radiographically assessed alveolar bone loss, periodontal pockets, and gingival bleeding. If not effectively treated, periodontitis can lead to tooth loss.
Despite its largely preventable nature, periodontitis is highly prevalent and imposes a substantial health and economic burden on individuals, families, and society. It is the most common chronic inflammatory noncommunicable disease in humans, representing the sixth most prevalent condition worldwide.
To support oral health practitioners in delivering optimal care, the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) published an evidence-based guideline to treat periodontitis. These recommendations are the result of a rigorous, evidence-based decision-making process.
The guideline addresses the treatment of stage I-III periodontitis based on the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) classification of periodontal diseases. They emphasize the importance of using scientific evidence in clinical decision-making to treat clients with periodontitis. This guideline aims to enhance the quality of periodontal treatment, reduce tooth loss associated with periodontitis, and improve overall systemic health and quality of life.
The guideline recommends four sequential steps for periodontal therapy:
- Reduce inflammation by motivating clients to adopt good oral hygiene practices and a healthy lifestyle, as well as through professional removal of supragingival deposits.
- Provide professional subgingival debridement with adjunctive therapies as required.
- Administer additional complex treatments as indicated, such as resective, assess flap, and regenerative surgery.
- Prevent relapse through long-term supportive care, a healthy lifestyle, good oral hygiene, and regular assessments.
The EFP has simplified the clinical guideline for treating the first three stages of periodontitis and presented them visually. Click here to download the infographic outlining the approach and treatment for stages I-III of periodontitis.
