Dental implants are a routine treatment modality requiring ongoing maintenance. Several factors can influence the long-term survival of dental implants, including biological and mechanical complications, which can affect their clinical outcomes. Biological complications involve inflammatory conditions, such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.…
Halitosis refers to an unpleasant or foul odour originating from the oral cavity. It can be caused by either intraoral or extraoral factors, with intraoral factors playing a significant role in the majority of cases. Halitosis is the most prevalent cause for…
Successful treatment of periodontitis involves root surface decontamination and infection control in periodontal pockets. In the 1970s and 1980s, scaling, root planing, and gingival curettage were common treatments for periodontitis; and surgical treatments, such as gingivectomy, flap surgeries, and resective therapy, were…
Dental caries, which are caused by cariogenic microorganisms in plaque biofilms, are a major public health problem worldwide, affecting about 2.43 billion people to varying degrees. The prevalence of dental caries in children is increasing in many countries. Globally, an estimated 514…